Someone asked me: Protons consist of tree quarks (duu). The quarks have colour charge red, blue or green. This result in several combinatory possibilities:
rgb grb brg
furthermore:
rrg rrb ggr ggb bbr bbg
Have all the different protons different properties?
No.
-- As total antisymmetry (the wave function becomes opposite sign if any pair of the three quarks are exchanged) is required, the only allowed color combination for mass eigenstate (proton is mass eigenstate) is
rgb-rbg+brg-bgr+gbr-grb
Therefore, the different kind of protons do not exist.
-- Or, experimentally, only one kind of proton is observed and the reason of it can be understood by the above explanation.
Dear Fumihiko!
Thanks for your answer. You are right, different protons are not observable and the mass eigenstate of proton restrict the color combination - but this is only theory. There are no evidence of quarks. All reliable experiments provide negative results of quarks (as described in a textbook). I remind the experiments on LHC.
I make the claim that light mesons are the sub-structural building blocks of protons and also neutrons, heavier particles and atomic nuclei. The structure of the proton is according to quark-theory (d d u), but in reality (π+ π– μ+). This statement is provable.
Best Regards
Hans
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