At 2003, the Project Human Genome was finished and many fields of science like nutrigenomics appear but it seems no very practical to use to promote personalized nutrition. have we any papers about this question? i really like to know more about this issue.
Ricardo, below is a link to an article that may be of help in your endeavor. Currently, it is expensive to reveal all the genetics of a particular individual; however, certain genomes with polymorphisms have been known to be susceptible to certain diseases. Nutrition that helps a select group of people and not others may be due to genetic susceptibilities combined with behavior and environmental toxins. Knowledge of these factors can help groups of people with establishing a diet that works for them.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2137135/pdf/ehp0115-a00582.pdf
Dear Ricardo,
Yes, I agree. The area of nutrigenomics has proliferated after it mushroomed. However, the possibility of furnishing personalized dietary counseling and advise has not shown a marked and decisive pace.
The concept of personalized nutrition/medicine (in connection with the fashionable label, nutrigenomics) is nothing new! It stems from the idea of "biochemical individuality", a concept popularized by Roger Williams in 956 [Williams, R. Biochemical Individuality, 1st ed.; McGraw-Hill: New York, NY, USA, 1998].
http://bioinst.cm.utexas.edu/williams/
Dr Roger J Williams, "Biochemical Individuality".
http://www.nasonline.org/publications/biographical-memoirs/memoir-pdfs/williams-roger.pdf
Landmarks in personalized nutrition/medicine:
Garrod AE. The incidence of alkaptonuria: a study in chemical individuality.
Lancet. 1902;160(4137):1616-1620.
Linus Pauling used the term, “molecular medicine” in 1949, in his epoch-making paper on the mechanism of production of sickle cell anemia. published in 1949. This article formulated that the origin of disease was influenced by specific mutations of genes, which could manifest an altered "molecular environment". Consequently, modified physiological functions find an association with specific diseases. Pauling L, Itano HA. Sickle cell anemia: a molecular disease. Science 1949; 110:543-548:
Roger Williams postulated that requirements for nutrients differ widely in different individuals, and that some persons may require much higher amounts of certain nutrients than others for appropriate and optimal functioning based upon their unique biochemistry. He wrote, “Individuality in nutritional needs is the basis for the genetotrophic approach and for the belief that nutrition applied with due concern for individual genetic variations, which may be large, offers the solution to many baffling health problems.
https://stevepieczenik.com/pdf/Biochemical%20Individuality--Neustadt-Pieczenik.pdf
You will find several articles focusing on nutrigenomics in the journal, Journal of Nutrigenetics and Nutrigenomics.
Ricardo,
The following are crucial papers that appeared following Roger Williams' canonical theme.
Ames BN, Elson-Schwab I, Silver EA. High-dose vitamin therapy stimulates variant enzymes with decreased coenzyme binding affinity (increased K(m)): relevance to genetic disease and polymorphisms.
Am J Clin Nutr . 2002;75(4):616-658.
Ames BN. The metabolic tune-up: metabolic harmony and disease prevention.
J Nutr. 2003;133(5 Suppl 1):1544S-1548S.
Ames BN, Liu J. Delaying the mitochondrial decay of aging with acetylcarnitine.
Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2004;1033:108-116.
Dr. Vaccaro,
Yes, individual genetic assessment tests are expensive. However, one would think that genotyping of single nucleotide polymorphisms has become more and more accessible and less expensive than it was a decade ago.
Ricardo,
A decade after the completion of the Human Genome Project, the possibility of offering personalized dietary and nutritional counseling based on an individual’s genetic profile has not kept a notable pace, as anticipated. Few of the genotyped single nucleotide polymorphisms, which influence susceptibility to multifactorial diseases, seem to be supported by robust and solid scientific evidence, which would warrant their deployment in personalized nutrition. Further prospects of genotype-based personalized nutrition will depend on the magnitude and weight of gene-diet-disease interactions that would be identified and forthcoming, and their scientific confirmation. It is imperative that personalized treatments, those that are individually tailored to the particular individual and type of disorder, be developed. Even though the level of currently accrued evidence of applying genomic information to individual (personalized nutrition) tailoring may appear to be at its early stages, enthusiasm abounds at the prospect of widespread utilization of nutrigenomics to appropriate clinical practice. That said, reports state that significant progress has been achieved in the practical use of genetic information to tailor nutritional recommendations for the prevention of CAD (coronary artery disease).
Primary prevention of cardiovascular disease with a Mediterranean diet. N Engl J Med. 2013;368:1279–90. PREDIMED (Prevención con Dieta Mediterránea) study.
Mediterranean diet reduces the adverse effect of the TCF7L2-rs7903146 polymorphism on cardiovascular risk factors and stroke incidence: a randomized controlled trial in a high-cardiovascular-risk population. Diabetes Care. 2013;36:3803–11.
Personalized Nutrition and Cardiovascular Disease Prevention: From Framingham to PREDIMED
http://advances.nutrition.org/content/5/3/368S.short?rss=1
Nutritional Phenotype Databases and Integrated Nutrition: From Molecules to Populations
http://advances.nutrition.org/content/5/3/352S.short?rss=1
The results of CORDIOPREV clinical trial suggest that a certain (rs4580704) SNP of the CLOCK gene interacts with a low-fat diet LF diet and thus improves inflammation status and dyslipidemia relevant to coronary heart disease (CHD). “The shift towards ‘personalized nutrition’ based on gene-nutrient interactions may be suitable for promoting cardiovascular health in patients with CHD.”
onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/mnfr.201500375/abstract
Chronic consumption of a low-fat diet improves cardiometabolic risk factors according to the CLOCK gene in patients with Coronary Heart Disease.
Ricardo,
In the context of personalized medicine/nutrition, one needs to be cognizant of epigenetic factors. Epigenetic modifications, which can be transgenerationally inherited, histone covalent modifications, gene silencing (SIR genes), DNA methylation, or chromatin folding, microRNAs and other mechanisms, can potentially regulate gene expression, unaccompanied by alterations of the underlying genomic sequence.
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