I am aware of the paper in "New Armies from Old", and ISS's "Ourselves Alone" and "Evolutions and Revolutions". I'm looking for people with access to primary-source data.
Try Andrea Bartoli, Dean, School of Diplomacy and International Relations, Seton Hall University, South Orange, NJ
I have passed your query to the Circuit where someone might know.
Replies received so far:
1. Hi Dick, I personally cannot offer any help, but I am making enquiries with someone who may be able to help. If he does have a good detailed knowledge, and he agrees to assist, I will let you know. Regards Ben.
2. Hi Richard, I was in Maputo in August 1993 giving C IED search cover when the head of the rebel forces RENAMO, (if I remember rightly Holden Roberto-but I will have to check that) and his delegation met the President of the government and FRELIMO forces (I think his name was Ernesto Daklama if I remember rightly) this I believe was the first direct in country meeting of the two sides in the post colonial civil war. The peace treaty which effectively called a ceasefire and ended the conflict was signed (I think in Paris or Rome) in about September 1992. We were housed at the Hotel Cardosa (which also served as the HQ for the RENAMO delegation. I think the FADM was an amalgamation of some FRELIMO and some RENAMO forces. Will get back to you with more details. Peter.
3. Hi Dick, I'll ask around. Chris.
Not much, but a start. Still awaiting 5 x replies, though.
Regards
Richard
Roy,
Thankyou. Both Andrea and Martha Mutisi are on my list to contact; posting something on ResearchGate was intended to try and widen the net a bit...
Many thanks for the advance copy of your International Security article - very much appreciated!!
Richard,
Many thanks for your help in this regard - I'm very grateful!!
Kind regards
Colin
Another response, this time with a link for you:-
Hmm, tough one. If he contacts me on [email protected] I will see if I can assist in any way. Mike.
Also, more from Peter:-
Slight mistake on my part,the RENAMO leader was Alfonso Dhlakama and the FRELIMO leader was Joaquim Chissano, UNOMOZ (United Nations Organization in Mozambique) which was set up to oversee the ceasefire was made up of many nations including Italy, PRC (Peoples Republic of China, Zaire, Portugal (surprisingly enough as they had been the former colonial masters) and a small contingent of Japanese (the first time the Japanese Defence (land) Forces had been permitted outside Japanese territory since the end of WW2. The Peace treaty ending the Mozambique civil war was signed in Rome on 4th October 1992. After the peace treaty was signed some areas were administer by RENAMO and some by FRELIMO prior to the multi-party elections of 1994. wide scale demobilization of FRELIMO forces started in 1993-94. We were at one location when a truck full of demobilized FRELIMO soldiers overturned near our camp (three were killed instantly and almost 30 injured (2 of whom died before they could be evacuated by helicopter, to the UNOMOZ hospital, run by the Italians, in Chimioa. Owing to the weather conditions (it was the rainy season and the heavens opened) we had to use our medic and all our vehicles to evacuate the casualties to the nearest large town with a medical center. I had heard stories of lack of beds and hospital patients being laid on sheets of cardboard but it was the first time I had witnessed it for myself. As I said before the New National Army was probably made up (mainly) of ex FRELIMO career soldiers with some RENAMO intergrated. We had on the initial route clearance operation, a FRELIMO military observer and a RENAMO military observer, they were given the same tent to share and after some initial hostility became great friends. It was also rumoured that some ex FRELIMO soldiers had joined forces with some ex RENAMO soldiers and formed groups of bandits (there seemed to be a marked reluctance to give up weapons as there had been many who died from famine in the civil war, and I suppose an AK47 was one way of taking what food you wanted
Me:-
That's a really interesting story. It must all have been a fun-filled time for you! Was there a lot of IED work or was it mostly EOD bread and butter stuff?
Peter:-
Mostly mine clearance of suspected mined roads (we were clearing the roads of the towns along the Zambezi river from Caia to Muracca, Moracca to Senna, Senna to Chembo, Chembo to Chiramba, we were then clearing another road from Casa Banana down to another town (I forget the name). The trip to Maputo was just for a few days while the peace talks were underway then back into the field to deploy to the different locations in Sofala and Manica provinces. 6 months under canvass put me off camping for life!!!
There might be be more later for you. R.
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