I certainly understand the basic concept of forging, but I'm interested in a few key details. Is the process done in air or a protective atmosphere? If the former, how is oxidation prevented? How rapid can the process be done, or is there alternative methods to increase process speed? What kind of force and rates can be applied?
Normally in steel forming the process is done in air. The method to reduce the material oxidation is heating quickly. This is possible using heating by induction (see Elotherm or ABP Induction webs sites).
Because there are differents forging machines to forging pieces, the rates depends mainly according the machine and the complex geometry of the piece.
Normaly the selection of machine is calculated in relation of energy (hammers or screw press) or load (excentric or crank press).
A better book for undestanding forging processes is: "Cold and hot forging. Fundamentals and applications" by Taylan Altan.
The book is edited by ASM.
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