Might want to peruse the literature from this group: http://www.glel.carleton.ca/ . Early on  Epps et al. 2005 showed an effect of roads on sheep population structure (an early landscape genetics study)

Hi Simone,

i's a branch of Landscape Ecology, so you should have a lookon the pages from, e.g. Niko Balkenhol (https://www.uni-goettingen.de/de/305649.html, http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1365-294X.2009.04322.x/full) or Raphael Arletaz (http://www.iee.unibe.ch/cb/content/about_us/staff/arlettaz/index_eng.html) in Europe or simply try this google search: https://www.google.de/search?q=landscape+genetics+working+group&ie=utf-8&oe=utf-8&gws_rd=cr&ei=VA3BVJHnC8HUOeeNgIAC#q=landscape+genetics+working+group+road+ecology.

It's strongly related to research about landscape connectivity and GIS tools. So please also have a look on the pages of http://corridordesign.org and Brad McRae (https://www.nceas.ucsb.edu/~mcrae/Welcome.html, http://www.nature.org/science-in-action/our-scientists/brad-mcrae.xml).

There was also some genetic research about the Eurasian otter population in Eastern Germany, most of the data came from individuals killed by cars and found dead on/beside roads. You can find some references about this here: https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Reinhard_Klenke/publication/235975420_Otters_in_Saxony_A_Story_of_Successful_Conflict_Resolution/links/02e7e5152fe19a46f1000000.pdf?ev=pub_int_doc_dl&origin=publication_detail&inViewer=true.

We also wrote an book of approx. 700 pages strongly related to these topics, unfortunately available only in German (http://www.springer.com/environment/paleoenvironmental+sciences/book/978-3-540-43940-0)

All the best,

Reinhard

Chapter Otters in Saxony: A Story of Successful Conflict Resolution