If you are you using Thermal camera?, can I know which part of blood vessel that you are extracting?I am extracting blood vessel at the supraorbital area using thermal LWIR camera. My platform is opencv for real time detection. After segmentation the ROI , then in my case, white top hat segmentation and bilateral filter was implemented to the ROI. If you are using matlab as a a platform , you might search for appropriate code
@Stephen: have you tried AngioQuant on the provided image?
That software-package is about angiogenesis, but seems to be able to segment and skeletonize vessels. Does it apply a homogeneity correction to the whole image, or some kind of local Otsu, in order to be able to threshold?