Interesting query@ Anil Shankhwar

Please find the recent updates in this field in very interesting book by J. C. Dagar Sir and J. C. Tewari Sir.

Book Agroforestry Research Developments

Ashok Karan Sir agroforestry system may resolve the global soil erosion loss and conserve soil, water in sustainable manner. But still it is not gaining the importance. What are the constrains in this regard? Please contribute your views.

Intetrsting and good question

At present desert area about 2.5 billions ,degraded land about 2 billions and deforestation about 0.5 billions hectare of the world. At present forest area about 18 percent should be increased to optimum 30 percent to minimise carbondioxide in the atmosphere of the earth through photosynthesis of green plant. In this respect agroforestry sytem of cultivation may increase forest area to mitigate global warming and diversification of cropping in organic cultivation practices.

Interesting query@ Anil Shankhwar

In standization of organic farming diversification of farming with agro, horticulture, forestry systems of cultivation should be encouraged as an ideal farming sytem for utilisation of cultivated land which is safe for the environment of the earth and better' for agriculture crop production per unit area of land in organic farming systems. As organic farming concept belongs to ecological farming concept which is safe for the living beings in this planet earth.

In agro, horticulture, forestry systems of cultivation an ideal diversified cultivation practices by which ecology of nature may be sustainable with naural organic recycling may be maintained like forest land which is helpful for natural sustainable soil fertility and productivity of crop due to improvement soil physical condition like moisture holding capacity , temperature,air of soil, chemical and biological condition like due to organic recycling with organic matter accumulation in soil may maintain carbon sequestration for soil microbial populations and it's multiplication in soil maintain better living systems of soil as soil,clay,humus the store house of plant nutrients and nutrition for essential nutrients for plant. So, agroforestry sytem of cultvation may be standardized with multiple beneficial effects in organic cultivation practices in agriculture.with natural farming concept with ecology of forest where sustainable Soil fertility and productivity of crops may maintain with evergreen revolution in organic farming systems.

Dear Anil , The question of not gaining momentum of AF R&D lies in vision of sole agriculture oriented scientific community . I m very straightforward in this regard . They feel trees as constraint in crop production . It's very true statement because in our country every time we started talking production of crops , never give serious thoughts to intengible benefits of AF . If we calculate cost of those benefits , they will be thousand times more than what we achieve from crop production . At least in India change of mind set of agricultural researchers is required for rapid development of AF as a science and as well as production system . Regards .

Agree with Ashok karan.

I use comments. Thanks

With the best wishes

Mr Rezaei Ahvanooei.

Sustainable evergreen revolution may be possible through agroforestry sytem of cultvation. At present due to deforestatrion forest area is declining to about 18 percent .So, agroforestry sytem of cultivation may increase forest area optimum to 30 percent of Planet earth may decrease carbondioxide in the atmosphere through photosynthesis of green plant.Agro horticultute forestry systems of cultivation should be popularised in ecological organic naure farming to provide safe food,fiber, fuel, shelter for living beings with minimisation of global warming to mitigate climate change effect in the planet earth in SAVE THE EARTH MISSION.

I agree with J. C. Tewari sir that we all know agroforestry has large number of benefits than sole cropping but mindset of sole cropping with mechanization or intensive farming for more productivity is stringed from western world. We should understand our more than 70% farming is rain-fed and these land cultivated for subsistence farming purpose where agroforestry is the only feasible option. Even large farmers with irrigation facilities can not deny the benefits while adopting agroforestry. Secondly poor extension mechanism for transfer of agoforestry research is also equally responsible along with proper implementation farmers friendly agroforestry policy for tree harvesting regulations. Recently with threat of climate change we are talking about sustainable agriculture , IFS model and organic farming which has essentially a tree component which is foundation of agroforestry. Agroforestry is the only sustainable land use management system in agricultural landscape.

Organic nature farming with combination of conventional farming to provide food,fiber,fuel, shelter for the growing population of the planet earth; agroforestry sytem of cultvation may be ideal for sustainable agriculture technology transfer in the field of farmer with lifelihood development for family of a farmer to provide safe food for living beings which may mitigate global warming with climate change processes by increasing forest area optimum for ecology of the earth about 30 percent helpful for photosynthesis of excess cabondioxid in the atmosphere of earth from green plant ecology of planet earth.

Despite all the advantages of Agroforestry, it suffers a major drawback of not being amenable to mechanization.I believe that explains the low adoption rate.

At present deforestation about o.5 billion hectares of land in the world,desert land about 2.5 billions,2 billions degrded land in the world . Erosion of soil due to water about 56 percent, wind 28 percent, chemical erosion 12 percent, mechanical erosion 4 percent. According to FAO about 25 to 30 percent agricultre crop cultivated land is degraded due to indiscriminate use of unsustainable agricultral technology

In this respect agroforestry ecosystem in agricultre cultivation practices may be helpful for evergreen revolution for safe food ,fiber,fuel, shelter for living beings and mitigate global warming with climate change processes in ihe ecology of planet .earth .

Theory of evolution of human in the planet earth was started about 20 lakhs years ego . Subsistance agricultre was started in the planet earth by human about 10 to12 thousands years ego. World natural forest area in the ecology of nature earth was more at the beginning of planet earth . Human civilization for their need of subsistance agriculture deforested natural ecosystems of earth forest area. At present forest area has been declined to about 18 percent due to intensification of modern agriculture since the advent of green revolution in the year about 1920 of 20 the century.According to IFS model word forest area should be optimum 30 percent .So,in organic natural farming with combination of conventional farming transfer of sutatainable agricultral technology may be planning with agroforestry system of cultivation may be safe for the ecology of the environment of the earth may mitigate global warming with climate change and may provide safe food,fiber,fuel, shelter in ever green revolution in the ecology of planate earth in SAVE THE EARTH MISSION.

Downgrading the bamboo into the grass category will influence Agro-forestry by any means?

Bamboo plant in the ecology of environmment of earth carbondioxide consumtion rate is more and rate of oxygen liberation to the atmosphere of earth also more compare to other plants. So, plantation of more bamboo plant in agroforestry sytem of cultvation may be helpful to decrease carbondioxide and to increase oxygen may be helpful for living in the environment of earth.

Bamboo was not very much in agroforestry in inter cropping or alley cropping but in the boundary of orchards or hilly areas for soil conservation. Non adoption of bamboo in cropping pattern due to its clums management and difficulty in agricultural operations. Though many models of bamboo based agroforestry developed but not adopted at mass scale.

Agro-horticuture-forestry system of cultivation in model village concept waste land delopment for agricultral cultivation bamboo plantation may be encouraged to increase optimum forest area to mitigate global warming with climate change process.in the environment .of earth.

In adoption of agroforestry also hamper due to small and marginal land holding to spear the land for agroforestry. Even for home garden 0.2 ha land is required. secondly the agroforestry extension is also poor to suggest scientific way of farming with trees without loss of crop as well as economics

Forest area is declining in planet earth due to agricultral crop cultivation to provide food,fiber,fuel shelter for the growing population of world. Generaly humid areas of world suitable for growing forest plant. Deep Amazon forest famous in the world. In this respect to optimise forest areas sustainable for living beings agro-horticulture-forestry planning cultivation may be ideal to optimise forest areas to minimise carbondioxide in the atmosphere through photosynthesis of green plant to mitigate global warming which is sustaiinable for living beings in the planet earth. Forest research institute my develop model for economic utilisation of waste land for agricultral cultivation which also help full for optimisation of forest areas for sustainable environment of planet earth. In India fragmented agricultral holdings with about 90 percent farmers holdings below one hectare may not be suitable for agro-horticulture-forestry system of cultivation.

Ofcourse

Agro-horticulture-forestry planning in waste land of India by forest research institute may be helpful for sustainable agriculture with optimise forest areas at present about 18 percent to 30 percent for sustainable environment helpful for livingbeings.

In the district of Jargram and West Midnapur West Bengal, India dominated by waste land and monocroping paddy cultivated areas we may develop model for Agro-horticulture-forestry model may be developed under World Bank microwatershed project coordination with NGO- Green Would Innovatiion and Welfare Centre, website: www.gwiwc.org as outsourcing institution in Model Village Project surrounding with cluster of villages for transfer of technology in the field of tribal dominated farmers with livelihood development of family of a farmer at present generally live with ECOLOGY of forest.In this respect Forest Research Institute ,Deradun ,India collaborate with State Forest Research Office,West Bengal to give some idea of collaborative research model development to propagate Agro-Horticulture-Forestry cultivation dominated with redlaterite waste land with forest dwelling tribal people of Jhargram district of West Bengal.