One of such factors may be psychobiotics, i.e. probiotics with a beneficial effect on the functioning of the nervous system (with potential application in the treatment of neurological diseases). However, this issue requires a lot of research.

Article Psychobiotics and the Manipulation of Bacteria–Gut–Brain Signals

Article Psychobiotics: A new approach for treating mental illness?

Article Psychobiotics: Bacterial hope for depression?

Dear Dr Krzyżek,

Thank you for your response.

With very best wishes,

Julio

Here are the possible studies focusing on the role of old and new generation anti-psychotics via dopamine and serotonin systems for psychosis.

Jones HM, Pilowsky LS. Dopamine and antipsychotic drug action revisited. Br J Psychiatry. 2002; 181: 271-275

Brown AS, Begg MD, Gravenstein S, Schaefer CA, Wyatt RJ, Bresnahan M, et al. Serologic evidence of prenatal influenza in the etiology of schizophrenia. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2004; 61: 774-780.

Ayano G. Schizophrenia: A Concise Overview of Etiology, Epidemiology Diagnosis and Management: Review of literatures. J Schizophr Res. 2016; 3(2): 1026. ISSN : 2471-0148

Dear Dr Ayano,

Thank you very much!

Best,

Julio

There are innumerable pieces of evidence supporting the influence of biological factors in psychiatric treatment. Take for instance immune response to strep infections:

Chang K. et al. Clinical Evaluation of Youth with Pediatric acute onset neuropsychiatric syndrome (PANS): Recommendations from the 2013 PANS Consensus Conference. Journal of Chikld and Adolescent Psychopharmacology, Vol 25, No 1, February 2015, 3-15. PMID: 25325534.

Swedo S et al. Overview of Treatment of Pediatric Acute-onset Neuropsychiatric Syndrome. Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology, Vol. 27, No 7, September 2017.