33, is a number surrounded by a special mystique. For many years, 33 has fascinated the mathematical community by starring in one of the apparently simpler cases of a diophantine equation, but which is nevertheless pending resolution.
Diophantine equations are defined as “polynomial equations that involve only sums, products and powers and in which both the coefficients and the only valid solutions are whole numbers.” In short, nothing less than the ABCs of mathematics.
It might seem easy to express the number 33 as the sum of the cubes of three whole numbers – that is, to find a solution for the equation a3 + b3+ c3= 33 – but no one had yet succeeded since 1955 when mathematicians set out to solve this mathematical mystery.
This challenge has been on the table since the 3rd century AD, when the equations were enunciated by the Greek mathematician Diofante of Alexandria.