Regarding non-halogenated FR, usually silicon or phosphorous are the best choices. I am not quite sure as potassium. Nevertheless, it will depend on the form these elements are incorporated. FR can be incorporated to the resins either physically (imagine fillers, or particles, or fibers) or chemically (imagine the elements in the molecular structure, for example as functional groups, such as silanes, siloxanes, etc). It is preferred when the elements are chemically bonded, but this is harder to accomplish. What I am telling you with this? That if your potassium is in the form of salts or particles, it may be suitable for flame retardancy. Tests should be obviously performed. I know that Mg(OH)2 nanoparticles have a good effect on flame retardancy, so why not potassium, right?
The book Fire Retardancy of Polymeric Materials (A. Grand and C. Wilke) can help you with further info.