Yes. You will lose 3 dB but the signal won't vary so much as the antenna rotates as it would with two linearly polarized antennas, and you can't get the direction of circular polarization wrong and get nearly nothing, as you can with two circularly polarized antennas (as happened with the first satellite transmission from Telstar).
Of course you can use a circularly polarized antenna for transmission and a linearly polarized antenna for reception, but you will lose the half of power (about -3dB) due to the polarization mismatch loss. So the perfect way to receive almost all the transmitted power, is to use the same polarization for both antennas and it would be better if you use a circular polarized antennas. Hereafter a table of polarization mismatch loss for various antenna combinations.
I agree with the two previous replies. It is actually very common, to transmit with circular polarization, but then receive using mostly vertical or horizontal polarization. For example, radio receivers in cars often use (or used in the pat) a vertical antenna, while in homes, horizontal dipoles are frequently used. So radio transmitters need to accommodate both orientations, and circular polarization does this.