if the LED light was focused by optical means, would it have enough energy to induce the photothermal effect of the Au NRs? Given that the LSPR wavelength falls within the visible range.
It all depends on the amount of energy required. LEDs vary in power quite a bit. The can be over driven for very short periods of time for more peak energy. Figure out what energy density you need and calculate backwards from there. As for White - that spectrum is created from a blue LED driving a phosphor. Commercial appliciaons have driven energy density of white LEDs up, and cost down, however there are many monochrome LEDs that are in the visible spectrum, perhaps there is a better (more efficient) match available. Generically, I see no reason why LED's cannot be used.