Can someone tell me the components inside an Optical Time Domain Reflectometer (OTDR)?

21 June 2013 1 877 Report

I'm a little bit confused in the Amplifier components.

I read that the amplifier is a Current to Voltage Converter. But it is a inverting amplifier (as I read at Wikipedia) so it will make the current from APD into a negative voltage. Does it used a buffer to make the voltage back to positive so that it can be used at ADC?

Badges
Science topic

More Stevan Hilarius's questions See All

What is the correct statistical analysis for shift work data?

Dear professors and readers, I have data that is measured every day in two groups. The first group is shift workers (2 weeks data which divided into the first week is day shift and the second...

24 December 2023 6,283 3 View

Any nowadays approach for clustering similar text (code) in n clusters expect K-means algorithm?

Hi, I want to ask if anyone researching or knows some good research articles about code clustering? Possible use case: The teacher posts some programming assignments and he/she wants to know if...

27 September 2020 1,422 9 View

How to choose between panel unit root tests?

Hi, I have a balanced panel data (cross-companies included 152 and periods 5 years). When I run panel unit root tests (LLC, Breitung, Im Pesaranm, ADF-Fisher, PP-Fisher, Hardi) I got different...

04 April 2020 8,612 0 View

How to break algebric loop ( problem with surge arresters)?

I have problem with simulation in Simulink, it cuts it after few microsecund due to algebric loop. Problem starts when i try to implement more than 2 surge arresters on overhead line. I' ve tried...

28 September 2019 1,283 1 View

For an ex vivo blood experiment, how do you incubate?

I will be treating heparinized whole blood with a small molecule for various timepoints and then extracting RNA for qPCR. Do people recommend incubations in tubes or plates/dishes? 5% CO2/37C or...

21 January 2015 5,663 3 View

Interference at Optical Transmission?

I have a question. As I read in many books, they said that optical transmission is having so many advantages, one is "less (free from) interference". And as we know, light is an electromagnetic...

07 August 2013 2,047 7 View

Parameters in fiber optic?

I want to ask what is the meaning of these parameters : 1. What is Numerical Aperture? Why is it a dimensionless number? 2. What is Normalized Frequency? What is the reference to divide a...

03 August 2013 3,628 7 View

About bits at microprocessor and ADC

1. What is the maximum number of bits that can be generated by the ADC being produced now? 2. What is the maximum number of input bits that can be processed by a microprocessor? 3. Specific...

30 July 2013 3,380 3 View

Amplifier output

What is the output of the amplifier, if the input is bigger than its maximum limit or smaller than its minimum limit? Thanks.

15 July 2013 4,373 5 View

What is the maximum distance of a fiber optic link that can be achieved without using any optical amplifier or repeater?

...

23 June 2013 6,921 30 View

Problems about acousto-optic coupling in Comsol, how to check whether the moving mesh is correct?

I’m trying to reproduce the acousto-optic coupling simulation in the paper Frequency–angular resolving LiDAR using chip-scale acousto-optic beam steering. LNOI(lithium niobate on insulator) is...

13 August 2024 9,795 0 View

Which Scopus Journal provides the most affordable fees?

"PUBLISHING IN A SCOPUS JOURNAL" Researchers are now at a cross road. The critical need to publish in a Scopus or ISI, etc journal is ever vital. Journal Publication fees must be submitted....

10 August 2024 8,621 1 View

Geotechnical Engineering (Proceedings of the ICE) time review?

Hello everyone, I recently submitted an article to Geotechnical Engineering (Proceedings of the ICE), and the current status has been listed as "EiC Pre-assessment: Ready" for the past 20 days. I...

10 August 2024 6,493 1 View

Seeking Advice on Viability and Execution of Undergraduate Thesis Topic?

Hello everyone, I am currently developing a thesis proposal and would appreciate your input on its viability and how to effectively carry it out. My proposed topic is: "Does the perceived threat...

10 August 2024 8,992 0 View

Who will be moral responsible for the death of thousands of people in the event of an earthquake?

Who will bear moral responsibility for the deaths of thousands of people in the event of an earthquake? Weeks and months remain before the onset of strong earthquakes that bring death to...

08 August 2024 6,134 12 View

Are there any instruments for studying time similar to the way it is in space?

There are a huge number of methods for studying objects in space, according to the senses (and not only). Mechanical, thermal, optical, acoustic, electrical, magnetic, based on particle beams,...

06 August 2024 7,102 0 View

Are air moisture harvesting technologies effective in combating desertification?

Air moisture harvesting Air water collection devices

06 August 2024 5,473 2 View

In the case of a wound l recurrence after radical breast cancer and sentinel lymph node biopsy. Are the sentinel lymph node procedure recommended?

In the case of a wound l recurrence after radical breast cancer and sentinel lymph node biopsy. Are the sentinel lymph node procedure recommended? If no axillary lymph node dissection was not...

05 August 2024 8,056 1 View

Regarding a model for simulating battery charge and discharge, what do you consider to be high fidelity?

Regarding a model for simulating battery charge and discharge, what do you consider to be high fidelity? What is the acceptable percentage of error (regardless of the metric)? Could you suggest...

03 August 2024 5,358 0 View

Interested in a SCOPUS collaboration?

Hi RG family. My team and I are working on some SCOPUS publications and we need co-authors who are willing and capable of undertaking both qualitative and quantitative-based studies. The scope...

02 August 2024 7,843 0 View