Yes, but only in some cases. For an example, if the source generates noisy data, then an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) can be used to detect the outliers and nullify them to enhance the quality. Also, ANN can be used to approximate some absent information by learning the patterns.
It would help if you are more specific, describing what process would you like to improve. it all depend on the quality and quantity of your data and what would like to explore/extract from them.