The Fifth Generation (5G) mobile communication standard promises to provide enhanced mobile broadband, massive connectivity and ultra-low latency through various technological advances, including massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO), millimeter wave (mmWave) communications, and network densification. However, these technologies consume a lot of power and struggle to provide the users with guaranteed quality of service (QoS) in harsh propagation environments.
For example, the network’s total energy consumption scales linearly with the numbers of base stations (BS)s and the active antennas at each BS, while communication at mmWave bands suffers from high path/penetration losses. These limitations have resulted in the need for green and sustainable future cellular networks with control over the propagation environment.
Therefore, can Intelligent Reflecting Surface (IRS) be designed for 1 to 6 GHz bands as well? Or is it only suitable for high-frequency bands such as millimeter waves?
The frequency of 5 G is about 30 GHz, hence 1 mm wavelength. The wavelength for 1 to 6 GHz is 30 to 5 cm. The size of an IRS shall be much larger than the wavelength to be efficient. Therefore the size of the antennas for a 10 times lower frequency should be at least 10 times larger.
Therefore, it is possible but....
Abbas Thajeel Alsahlanee
You may have missed the point of some of 5G technologies.
Network densification can take place because of the high path losses at mm bands, which permits closer placement of base stations without signals reaching the next-nearest-neighbour station. For this reason the lower range of mm does not result in the use of higher powers. It is the ability to cope with a high user density that requires closer base stations and higher total power consumption.
Intelligent Reflecting Surface IRS be designed for 1 to 6 GHz bands:
1- Cascaded Channel Estimation for Intelligent Reflecting Surface Assisted Multiuser MISO Systems
Preprint Cascaded Channel Estimation for Intelligent Reflecting Surfa...
2- Terahertz Multi-User Massive MIMO With Intelligent Reflecting Surface: Beam Training and Hybrid Beamforming
https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/9325920
3- Wireless Environment as a Service Enabled by Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces: The RISE-6G Perspective
Preprint Wireless Environment as a Service Enabled by Reconfigurable ...
4- Joint Beam Training and Positioning for Intelligent Reflecting Surfaces Assisted Millimeter Wave Communications
https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/9410435
5- Intelligent Reflecting Surface (IRS) Allocation Scheduling Method Using Combinatorial Optimization by Quantum Computing
https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/9555241
5- A Path to Smart Radio Environments: An Industrial Viewpoint on Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces
https://arxiv.org/abs/2104.14985
6- System Performance Insights into Design of RIS-assisted Smart Radio Environments for 6G
https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/9417549
7- Slotted Wideband Frequency Selective Reflectors for Sub-6 GHz 5G Devices
https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/9397157
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