Hello.. You Can identify algae up to genus level through microscopic examination following their morphological characteristics. You can refer Iyenger and Desikachary 1981 for the identification of blue-green algae. You can also use research papers for further identification. Genomic analysis is essential for identification up to species level.
We have compiled a guide: "Easy identification of the most common freshwater algae - a guide for the identification of microscopic algae in South African freshwaters". This is a guide with photos of the different algal genera grouped into their major classes.
I think it might be helpful - you can find it at the following link:
I think that it would be useful for you take a course in general phycology and another on the group in which you are interested, I understand that you are the Cyanophyta or Cyanobacteria.
A basic book that you can use to determine Cyanobacteria if are analyzing freshwater samples is
Bourrelly, P. 1985. Les algues d’eau douce. Tome III: Les algues bleues et rouges. Les Eugléniens, Peridiniens et Cryptomonadines. Réimpression revue et augmentée. Editions N. Boubée & Cie, Paris. 606 pp.
You can also use the
Komárek J. & Hauer T. (2013): CyanoDB.cz - On-line database of cyanobacterial genera. - Word-wide electronic publication, Univ. of South Bohemia & Inst. of Botany AS CR, http://www.cyanodb.cz
For others groups you can consult
Bourrelly, P. 1972. Les algues d’eau douce. Initiation à la systématique. Tome I: Les algues vertes. Editions N. Boubée & Cie, Paris. 572 pp
Bourrelly, P. 1981. Les algues d’eau douce. II. Les algues jaunes et brunes. Ed. Boubée & Cie, Paris. 517 pp.
Bourrelly, P. 1988. Complémets les algues d’eau douce. I. Les algues vertes. Ed. Boubée & Cie, Paris.182 pp.
However, the determination can not be made by mere comparison of drawings or photos without understanding the differential characters of the taxa you are viewing.
We published a online manual about freshwater cyanobacteria and green algae. We hope it can help you: http://botanica.sp.gov.br/institutodebotanica/files/2013/09/virtuais_3atlas.pdf
Dear Ayesha. The link is correct, but I see it also does not work on my side... ?? You can just google "easy identification of the most common freshwater" and if you click on the second one from the top it will take you directly to the guide. If you do not succeed you can email me at [email protected] and then I can send you the .pdf