hello,
i would like to ask about lightweight cryptography (algorithm/ protocol) related to software not hardware and name it please ..
i see that there is no specific algorithm called lightweight its not specific like symmetric e.g. 3DES ,AES..etc or asymmetric cryptography e.g. RSA,Diffie hellman..etc
any reference will help me.
thank u..
Public Key Cryptography
While lightweight public key primitives are in demand for key management protocols in smart
objects networks, the required resource for public key primitives is much larger than that of symmetric
key primitives. At this time, there are no promising primitives that meet enough security
and lightweight properties compared with the conventional primitives such as RSA and ECC.
Some public key primitives (e.g. ECC) can be implemented.
So go for ECC
Public Key Cryptography
While lightweight public key primitives are in demand for key management protocols in smart
objects networks, the required resource for public key primitives is much larger than that of symmetric
key primitives. At this time, there are no promising primitives that meet enough security
and lightweight properties compared with the conventional primitives such as RSA and ECC.
Some public key primitives (e.g. ECC) can be implemented.
So go for ECC
Public Key Cryptography
While lightweight public key primitives are in demand for key management protocols in smart
objects networks, the required resource for public key primitives is much larger than that of symmetric
key primitives. At this time, there are no promising primitives that meet enough security
and lightweight properties compared with the conventional primitives such as RSA and ECC.
Some public key primitives (e.g. ECC) can be implemented.
So go for ECC
Dear Norah,
A lightweight cryptosystem should be faster than AES and has acceptable security level, you can find some of them on research papers but outside of the NIST
Check out the ISO standard for lightweight cryptography: ISO/IEC 29192. Inside, you will find several parts specifying blockciphers, hash functions, asymmetric authentication, etc. It is most likely that what you are after is in there. Also note that some mechanisms are efficient both in software and hardware.
In general, I would say that symmetric key stream ciphers can be the most "light weight" ciphers. They can be computationally efficient and small footprint. Even though I don't think NIST has approved any to date, they are aware of the advantages in this regard:
http://csrc.nist.gov/groups/ST/CETA_2011/presentations/turan.pdf
http://www.tech-faq.com/block-and-stream-ciphers.html
There's a lot written about stream ciphers and how to make them secure. The most important points are to ensure that the keystream does not cycle when encrypting a plaintext message, meaning that the sequence of numbers from the PRNG never repeats while encrypting the message (long period), and you never reuse the same keystream (one time pad). These two measures protect against the so-called "known plaintext attack," in which if the attacker happens to know or guess the plaintext message, with that knowledge plus the ciphertext he has intercepted, the attacker can easily recreate the keystream. So you must always avoid reusing a keystream.
http://www.umsl.edu/~siegelj/information_theory/projects/des.netau.net/Block%20cipher%20and%20stream%20cipher.html
http://eprint.iacr.org/2014/677.pdf
Also, to protect against "ciphertext substitution attacks," you include a message checksum within the plaintext message, and then encrypt that checksum along with the rest of the plaintext message.
If an attacker intercepts the ciphertext and substitutes some of the encrypted bytes, you will most likely see jibberish in parts of the decrypted message. But instead of counting on this jibberish to protect against such attacks, having that internal checksum will guarantee that the substitution attack is detected.
Have you heard about TEA - tiny encryption algorithm? TEA has evolved on XTEA and XXTEA. The last one may be an option for IoT. It can be deployed on a micro controller or small processor with limited RAM. There are other options.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tiny_Encryption_Algorithm
http://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007%2F978-3-319-27179-8_4
This article compares the performance of AES , RC5 and RC6, hoping this will be useful:
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/286663465_Performance_trade-offs_of_encryption_algorithms_for_Wireless_Sensor_Networks
Conference Paper Performance trade-offs of encryption algorithms for Wireless...
Hi, The algorithm IDEA was designed specifically to be lightweight in software. it uses a modulus operator instead of S-Boxes. It is not the most secure block cipher, but has enough practical security for most IoT and is fast even on older processors. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Data_Encryption_Algorithm
A good survey on lightweight cryptography (SW & HW) can be found in "A Survey of Lightweight-Cryptography Implementations", T. Eisenbarth, S. Kumar, C. Paar, A. Poschmann and L. Uhsadel, IEEE Design & Test of Computers, 24(6), pp. 522-533, 2007.
If you could add your needs would be easier to help.
What kind of level of security do you need? (most important)
What is the computational power available?
What is the power consumption limit?
I would suggest review SIMON and SPECK
http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/7167361/?reload=true
I would suggest the Lightweight Encryption Algorithm presented in here https://arxiv.org/pdf/1704.08688.pdf especially if Ultra-low power 8-bit MCU is your core component.
https://www.whatiswhateverything.com/2018/03/what-are-all-different-lightweight.html
We have recently performed a systemic literature review and selected 51 research works. The brief description of selected works can be found at:
http://idecaa.com/overview-of-51-selected-researches.php
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