Basically I am curious to know what time resolution of GHI do they use; Average GHI for the whole year? If yes, does it make a representative guess because GHI's value is highly variable with time (hours).
As you know the capacity factor is the ratio of the actual annual energy output (Epvannual) to the amount of energy the PV array would generate if it operated at full rated power (Pr) for 24h per day for a year.
CF=YF/8760 = Epvannual/(Pr*8760)
I advise you to see the following papers for more details on CF calculations:
- Hussein A Kazem, Tamer Khatib, K. Sopian and Wilfried Elmenreich, “Performance and feasibility assessment of a 1.4kW rooftop grid-connected photovoltaic power system under desertic weather conditions”, Elsevier-Energy and Building EB (ISSN: 03787788), Netherlands, 2014, Vol. 82, pp. 123-129.
- Hussein A. Kazem, Tamer Khatib, and K. Sopian, “Sizing of a standalone photovoltaic/ battery system at minimum cost for remote housing electrification in Sohar, Oman”, Elsevier-Energy and Building, Netherlands, 2013, Vol. 6C, pp. 108-115.
As Dr. A Kazem expressed, the capacity factor of a power plant is the ratio of its actual output over a specific period of time, to its potential output if it were possible for the plant to operate at full nameplate capacity indefinitely. To calculate the capacity factor, take the total amount of energy the plant produced during a period of time and divide it by the amount of energy the plant would have produced at full capacity during that period.
For further information, you could check the attached files.