I am working on synthesis of silver nanoparticles via biosynthesis method from leaf extracts. I am getting nanoparticles, but the quantity is very less. I would like to know any procedure to produce them in bulk.
I would recommend to try the photolysis of siver halide films. The technology is described in detail in several my papers See: https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Alexander_Gavrilyuk/?ev=hdr_xprf
Hoping it would be appropriate for your objectives.
I think leaf extracts contain very small quantity of possible reductants so your reaction volumes will be too great to obtain grams of product. Use chemical reductants like NaBH4 or formic acid.
Check my recent publication to produce large amounts of silver naoparticles by chemical reduction of AgNO3 by fructose in the presence of PVP: http://iopscience.iop.org/0957-4484/24/36/365601
Many people worked on large scale synthesis of silver nanoparticles i am sending a link to you use the following links you will get article published on large scale synthesis of silver nanoparticles
You can increase the yield by initiation the reduction of silver nitrate bu adding ferric nitrate in the presence of oleic acid and oleyl amine to produce hydrophobic coated sphere nanoparticle with average size 10 nm
Again electric explosion of wires will give you chemically pure silver nanoparticles with the production rate in the order kg/h. All you need is to get -.3 mm diameter wire and load it into the machine.
Hi... You could go for polyyol process or silver mirror scale reaction (but in this case you should have to compromise the geometry) whereas you are using some leaf extracts to synthesis Ag nanoparticles so just try to increase the precursor concentration in relation to the concentration of the reducing agent...................
If could could be more specific in the details like.... Are u using this leaf extract for reducing / or any external reducing agent ? The concentration of the metal precursor ? then it will be useful to provide a more reliable answer.......
If you are opting for ablation then I think that you should have to use these leaf extracts separately only the purpose of functionalization....
Polyol method is a cheap and efficient method for producing silver nanoparticles. Ethylene glycol or propylene glycol could be used to prepare the nanoparticles. Increase the temperature above 130 degree centigrade in oil bath. The reaction should be protected with innert atmosphere and the temperature rise rate should be slow. Use of different surfactants can lead to shape controlled synthesis.
The most common method is reducing silver nitrate by borohydride. if you want to produce Ag particles in nanoscale. You can add surfactants, like CTAB or SDS, to prepare some seeds at the beginning. And then using these seeds to grow nano-particles. Detail information could be found in the attached paper.
I think you should use the sol-gel methodsit give large area ,high quality structure mterials with more homogenous morphology and it is not e expensive .
If you want to increase the quality of the nanoparticles, you should optimize the amount of the leaf extracts as reducing agent or surfactant . Generally, by using very low and high concentration of the surfactant, particle sizes of products are not nanometer. On the other hand, precipitation method is very suitable to produce large scale Ag nanoparticles. You can use AgNO3 (as silver source ) and a reducing agent. Some reagents can play as surfactant and reductant, such as reducing sugar like glucose.
There is a firm in Hungary (Bioteam XXI), they have a new type instrument which can produce metal nanosols in water by a combined ultrasonic/electrical method. They produce metal nanoparticles dispersed in water for the USA and EU market. If you are interested, I can get their availability.
Hi Rama: If you want a chemical free method of preparing relatively tight Gaussian shaped distributions (FWHM 2 to 4 nm for example) with mean sizes in the sub-15 nanometer range (usually, can get to sub-20 nm with the right conditions) and if you are OK with spherical particles with high zeta potential then you can use laser ablation in DI water. There are some papers from a group in Tokyo I think - around 2006. The particles will remain suspended without the use of surfactants for quite a long time unless you have particulate contamination (dust, rough or porous surfaces etc). The laser used (Q-switched 1064 nm) is quite common so you might be able to find one in your local institution. There's also an electric discharge technique that does a nice job - see for example R. Khordad et al., Investigation of size distribution of silver nanoparticles, Superlattices Microstruct. (2011), doi:10.1016/j.spmi.2011.11.007.
It depends in which form you want these Ag nanoparticles? In solution form or coated on some substrates. May be chemical methods would would....a trial with Leidenfrost drop method would work!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
You have to optimize the relative concentrations of salt and extract/ bioadditive. Scaling up in concentration does not always work fine as agglomeration dominates at higher concentrations leading to unusual shapes... You have to scale up volume after optimizing the synthesis conditions.