The label free biosensors are devices that can detect and monitor the biomolecules without labeling process. According to the literature, the 2D materials can boost the evolution of such sensors. This paper can be beneficial for you. Article MoS2 Field-Effect Transistor for Next-Generation Label-Free Biosensors
Please see attached book chapter. As Khalil points out, development of new nanomaterials provides imrpoved performance and allows the use of new techniques such as localised surface plasmon resonance:
Article Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance as a Biosensing Platform...
The Label-free biosensors use biological or chemical receptors to detect analytes (Biomolecules) in a sample. They give detailed information on the binding selectivity, affinity.
2D- nanomaterials, such as Graphene and Graphene-like materials (e.g., graphitic carbon nitride, transition metal dichalcogenides, boron nitride, and transition metal oxides), have immense potential in the field of optical biosensors and imaging because of their physical, chemical, mechanical, and optical properties. These properties lead to improve the performance of Biosensors.