It is not necessary the number of people that made the mistake but the seriousness of the mistake will depend on context and potential consequences. There is a possible failure in review and expertise affecting large audience and damaging the journal's reputation when a mistake from Professors is published. Even though student mistake is important, its impact is limited, affecting their own learning and assessment

@ Justice Badam Parmaak

Thank you for your answer.

In any case, I think you missed a point "the number THREE of the Professors" publishing a wrong idea.

You write "....damaging the journal's reputation when a mistake from Professors is published."

I would like it is true!

For at least 20 years, "Quality and Reliability Engineering International" has been publishing WRONG Control Limits about Control Charts for Individuals NON-normally distributed ...

Despite that, "Quality and Reliability Engineering International" AND other Journals did not have any damage to their reputation.

How many Professors published the same wrong idea?

How many learners did learn the same wrong idea?

Thanks again.

En general, los errores cometidos por profesores pueden tener mayor repercusión debido a su rol como expertos y figuras de autoridad, además del impacto potencial en la investigación y la formación académica, mientras que los errores estudiantiles suelen ser vistos dentro del proceso de aprendizaje y con menor impacto institucional. Sin embargo, si tres profesores cometen el mismo error repetidamente y de forma conjunta, esto podría percibirse como un problema mayor por la falta de corrección y la influencia que tienen en la comunidad académica.

En la publicación académica en particular, los errores cometidos por profesores (autores) pueden llevar a correcciones, retractaciones o disputas éticas más serias, dado que la integridad y confiabilidad de la investigación se afectan directamente.

Por otro lado, un error de un solo estudiante suele ser considerado menos grave, más asociado al aprendizaje y desarrollo, salvo que tenga impactos éticos o académicos severos.

@ Esther Valderrama

Dear Esther,

Thank you for your reply.

I think you are right.

Then, the errors (repeated) of professors publishing Articles in "reputed" Journals are very serious and should be denounced as such by the readers who know the THEORY.

Hence, the "reputed" Journal "Quality and Reliability Engineering International" should correct them, instead of rejecting papers

denouncing the errors: Peer Reviewers and Editors do not act correctly.

Thanks again