In doping process, Various types of Transition metals (Mn, Co, Ni, Cu) are doped into nano-particles (TiO2 and SnO2). How can i known about the size of dopant play a role in doping ?
In order to dope a metal, size of dopant should be chosen according to these criteria.
1- dopant size should be approximately in size of host metal ( Ti or O) in case of occupying sites of crystalline structure.
2- In case of occupying an place between host atoms the size should be around the distance between hosts atoms.
if there is much deviation from these criteria it is more likely that crystalline structure would be deteriorated and this results in many dislocations in the structure.
In addition for aforementioned criteria the good result could be obtained if a structure of metal oxide and dopant oxide will be similar.
besides ionic Radius is important, the valency of ion is also significant because it alters the Radius.
For the formation of a solid solution, generally, the radius difference of the two metal cations should be less than 30%, and they should have also close valence states.
Dear Kanniah RajKumar
There are some interesting articles published in different journals. I am referring a few of them to you which might be useful in you queries:
Influences of Doping on Photocatalytic Properties of TiO2 Photocatalyst
https://www.intechopen.com/
Unmodified Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles as a Potential Contrast Agent in Photon Emission Computed Tomography
Article Unmodified Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles as a Potential Con...
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