The adoption of bio-intensive cropping systems has the potential to reduce environmental footprints without compromising the economic gain per unit of resources.
For this, you can read the following articles
https://www.nature.com/articles/ncomms6012
Article Farming tactics to reduce the carbon footprint of crop culti...
Two of the central practices of bio-intensive agriculture illustrate the drastic reduction of water use and synthetic fertilizer requirements: (1) By germinating the majority of crops in trays and, then, transplanting them to the field, the water consumption is reduced drastically. Hundreds of seeds in trays need only a few liters or gallons of water per day, while direct seeding in the field would require to water much larger surfaces with a multiple of water. (2) The production and use of farm-grown compost crops as organic fertilizers, produced from sunlight rather than from fossil-fuel-driven factories, reduces drastically the emissions of greenhouse gases and the contamination of aquifers with excessively soluble nitrogen forms derived from synthetic fertilizers. Details can be found in the book by John Jeavons 'How to grow more vegetables...' and on the Growbiointensive website.
Thank you very much Reinhold Muschler for your informative suggestion/reply.
May be not, as per my little knowledge in this subject, however, you may go through this publication for further discussion.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2015.10.026
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