I think the only answer to this is for you to run an experiment. The answer will depend on the species of scorpion and the chemical under consideration (including application method and any adjuvants/formulation components present). This is the answer I would give if you were asking about insects. The range in values would be anything from zero to kilometers distant. Some insects can detect a pheromone chemical from a very long way off. Some pesticides in some formulations may have zero evaporation (microencapsulation might be an example). The answer may also depend on the sensitivity of scorpions to any breakdown products.
I do not know about the scorpion. But I have done a observational study where in the results showed that a common red ant can sense olfactory cues within the distance of 25-30 cm. (Extract of other competitive species as an olfactory cue)
Yes and moreover it depends upon the type of olfactory stimulus you are giving.