I am designing a course on how to learn languages and I'm interested in what researchers think are the most effective language learning techniques and/or strategies.
A small tip that seems to work in the early stages of learning is to put post-it stickers on items around your house, with the target language word written on them. I wouldn't dignify that with the term 'strategy' however!
Learning to communicate in another language is a little like learning to play billiard or learning to play the guitar. What do you have to do to learn to play billiard or the guitar? You have to practice.
When reading anything in another language, such as instructions for homework exercises, captions under pictures, magazine or newspaper articles, stories, anything, you should follow these steps:
-read for the gist, not for details. Guess at meanings, based on the context, and try to get a general idea. Take into account any pictures, titles, subtitles and format.
-think about what you already know about the topic. Bringing to mind concepts that may have something to do with what you are reading will help you to understand more.
-read the passage over several times, revising your predictions. Each time you read it you will understand more.
-make lists in the target language of relevant ideas from the reading: characters, places, events, objects, chronology, whatever seems to be pertinent.
First, it is necessary to think about the student's level and age.
Secondly, the goal of language learning.
After this, we can define the general framework of education and use interesting topics that arouse the student's attention from topics that pertain to his daily life where he is able to use the new language in the details of his life.
Thank you all, it's all useful! My question though is what advice has been beneficial to you as a student, not a teacher. I'm interested in what researchers find useful as language learners.
Here's a fantastic (and free!) book by Paul Nation on the subject of how to learn a language: https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://www.victoria.ac.nz/lals/about/staff/publications/paul-nation/foreign-language_1125.pdf&ved=2ahUKEwjtlPqfvPnmAhWozDgGHSqSDoIQFjAAegQIBRAB&usg=AOvVaw1H4MEPhnnw_JzlmR51f1TP
Make use of your senses: read loudly so you can hear what you are learning, write and read what you have written, listen to songs...etc in the target language, and speak
Practice speaking what you have learnt with a native speaker of the target language so as to see where you have improved and where you need corrections. Don't be shy about it.