I have been writing about sustainability strategies in my cover essay. I described the strategic process as:

1) Setting a sustainability target.

2) Developing a strategy to reach the target.

3) Developing a method to assess whether a decision taken today fits within the strategy.

4) Ensure that this method is used by practitioners and that they have incentives to take sustainable decisions.

A comment I got was that not all strategies are based on fulfilling a target, that this approach is not universal and should be justified. However I have so far failed to find appropriate literature, in part because the keywords "goal-oriented strategy" yield literature about corporate management.

Has a similar approach, or an alternative approach, been theorized? What are example of sustainability strategies that do not start by setting a target?

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