I'm exploring non-invasive techniques to measure functional entropy across brain scales, not just as signal complexity, but as a reflection of informational reorganization or intentional dynamics in consciousness.

Frameworks such as Integrated Information Theory (IIT) and the Free Energy Principle (FEP) approach entropy in different ways:

• IIT links consciousness to the integration and differentiation of information (Φ)
• FEP models the brain as a system minimizing surprisal via entropy-bound predictive processing
• In contrast, oscillatory models like ODTBT propose that functional entropy emerges from nested transductive dynamics (e.g., TWIST transitions)

My central inquiry: Are there validated, non-invasive methods (e.g., EEG, MEG, fMRI, MSE) that attempt to track functional entropy as it relates to:

• Cross-scale phase coherence
• Entropy gradients in intentional action
• Transitions between cognitive or conscious states

How do current tools map intrinsic information structuring across time and frequency domains, beyond signal variability alone?

I'd appreciate references to empirical studies, analytic pipelines, or theoretical models that link entropy with functional integration, particularly in non-invasive, multiscale-compatible contexts.