Flame photometry is old technology that has largely been replaced first by AAS then by ICP instrumentation. Titration is even older ... therefore all the obvious problems have been researched and reported.

To do something original and within the resources available you may need to look more widely. For example, many issues still arise in the application of the ascorbic- acid-reduced molybdate reaction for the measurement of P in natural waters and soil extracts.

Flame photometry is a widely used analytical technique for determining the concentration of certain metal ions in a solution based on their characteristic emission spectra when introduced into a flame. Despite its popularity, there are several scientific gaps and challenges associated with flame photometry:

Limited Element Detection: Flame photometry is primarily used for alkali and alkaline earth metal ions. There is a limitation in detecting transition metals and other elements using traditional flame photometry techniques.

Interference Issues: Flame photometry can suffer from interference due to the presence of other elements or compounds in the sample. This can lead to inaccurate results and complicates the analysis, especially when dealing with complex sample matrices.

Sensitivity and Detection Limits: The sensitivity of flame photometry is relatively lower compared to other modern spectroscopic techniques, such as inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES) or inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Improving sensitivity and lower detection limits is an ongoing challenge.

Sample Preparation: Sample preparation is crucial in flame photometry, and the techniques used can affect the accuracy and precision of the results. There is a need for standardized sample preparation methods to ensure consistency and reliability across different laboratories and applications.

Quantitative Analysis: Achieving accurate quantitative analysis, especially in complex samples, is challenging. Calibration methods and techniques need continuous refinement to enhance accuracy and reliability in quantitative measurements.

Instrumentation and Miniaturization: There is a need for the development of more compact and portable flame photometers for field applications. Miniaturization of the instrumentation can open up new possibilities for on-site analysis and real-time monitoring in various fields, including environmental monitoring and clinical diagnostics.

Combination with Other Techniques: Integrating flame photometry with other analytical techniques, such as chromatography or mass spectrometry, can provide complementary information about the sample composition. Research into effective combinations and methodologies is essential for comprehensive analysis.

Data Analysis and Automation: With the advancement of technology, there is a need for improved data analysis methods, including automated data processing and interpretation algorithms. Automation can reduce human error and increase the efficiency of the analysis process.

Environmental and Safety Concerns: Research into the environmental impact of flame photometry techniques, including waste disposal and energy consumption, is important. Additionally, ensuring the safety of operators working with flame photometers and associated chemicals is a continuous concern.

Addressing these scientific gaps will contribute to the advancement of flame photometry and enhance its capabilities in various fields of research and industry.

I'm not sure what you mean by "scientific gaps" in either methodology. At the level of a Bachelor's degree program, I wouldn't expect it to mean completely new, innovative research (but welcome if you can do it). The first step in real research (re-search) is to see and understand what has already been investigated. Possibly, a review of previous research highlighting remaining problems (or intractable ones) would be an acceptable submission for such a thesis.

Certainly! Here are a few potential scientific gaps or areas of exploration that you could consider for your bachelor thesis in analytical chemistry, focusing on flame photometry or auto titration:

1. Method Development and Optimization: Investigate and optimize the parameters and conditions for flame photometry or auto titration techniques. This could involve exploring different flame types, fuel-to-oxidant ratios, sample preparation methods, or titration parameters to enhance sensitivity, accuracy, or precision of the analysis.

2. Comparison of Techniques: Compare the performance and applicability of flame photometry and auto titration with other analytical techniques commonly used in analytical chemistry. This could involve evaluating factors such as detection limits, linearity, selectivity, and speed of analysis to determine the strengths and limitations of these techniques in specific applications.

3. Method Validation and Accuracy Assessment: Conduct a comprehensive validation study to assess the accuracy and reliability of flame photometry or auto titration methods. This could involve evaluating parameters such as precision, accuracy, linearity, limit of detection, and robustness using certified reference materials or comparison with established analytical methods.

4. Application Studies: Explore the application of flame photometry or auto titration techniques in specific areas of analytical chemistry. This could involve analyzing real-world samples, such as environmental samples, pharmaceuticals, food, or industrial samples, to evaluate the performance and applicability of these techniques in practical settings.

5. Instrumentation Development: Investigate and propose modifications or improvements to existing flame photometry or auto titration instruments. This could include the development of novel detection systems, automation of sample handling, or integration with other analytical techniques to enhance the capabilities of these instruments.

Remember to consult with your advisor or faculty members to discuss the feasibility and relevance of these potential research areas for your specific bachelor thesis. They can provide guidance and help you narrow down your focus based on available resources and expertise.