I'm not a chemist, so probably in no position to answer your question anyway, but I'm pretty sure more info is needed to answer it properly...what may precipitate/concentrate one compound will dissolve another...
It is fortuitous when a product precipitates from a reaction mixture and can be collected by filtration. More often the solvent has to be removed before the product can be isolated. If the product is obtained as a solid then it can be collected by filtration and washed with a solvent that will remove the impurities without dissolving the product. Sometimes the residue requires trituration before a solid is obtained. Purification is another matter. If the solid is easily recrystalized then this should be done. If a significant amount of byproducts are to be removed , as indicated by TLC, then a chromatographic method should be used. Even after a chromatographic purification a solid should be recrystalized. If you are generating a series of compounds for biological evaluation the MP should be sharp, the H-NMR should show no solvents or other impurities, the HPLC should show only one peak, and the compound should be analytically pure.
You may want to consider salting-out assisted liquid–liquid extraction (*) ― for instance, while considering butyric acid and/or its conjugate base, you may check the signalled discussion (**). Adding a miscible non-solvent may also help to precipitate a solute from its mother solution.