No, it is not true. Take the counterexample b:=10*I;a:=100; then the roots all have real part zero. They are approximately [-.3333339504e-1*I, 24.51154712*I, -24.47821372*I]. (I^2=-1).
Note that for a cubic equation of the given type the centroid of the three roots has to be zero (this is related to the vanishing coefficient of x^2).
I am sorry, BUT it works. One statement in the if and only if clause is "2 roots of x^3+6ax+2b=0 where a, b are complex have the equal real parts". This is satisfied by the counterexample. If your complete statement would be true, then (and only then) the other statement in the if and only if clause, i.e. "a, b are real and discriminant is nonpositive." should hold. But is doesn't. So the complete statement is false. Please think about it.
Thank you Herbert. You are right! I made corrections, and I hope the updated statement is true. What do you think about the statement for second order polynomial? Is it true?