I am working on the application of Artificial Neural Network (ANN) in spatial prediction. To apply ANN algorithm, I need to convert my thematic maps to numbers (pixel attributes) for training in ANN. I am currently stuck at this stage!
Rasters allow conversion to ASCII (Raster to ASCII) or float (Raster to Float), aside from the normal to feature and to other raster type conversions. You should be able to have pixel values in a text file after each of the above conversions. The latter provides decimal places if that would suit your model. Since you're doing spatial prediction, you can also work with these values in the raster attribute table. It gives you information on the area covered by each cell value. via Raster > Open Attribute Table or export the values via Raster > Open Attribute Table > Table Options > Export
You can use the Reclassify tool in Arcmap (Spatial Analyst license) to convert your thematic raster classes into numbers values instead. Converting your raster file to point (as mentioned above by others) will turn it into a vector data format, which may not be what your want for your ANN algorithm to work. https://desktop.arcgis.com/en/arcmap/latest/tools/spatial-analyst-toolbox/reclassify.htm