I have some basic doubts-
Thank you.
The TE mode is the lowest frequency mode that will propagate. It is polarizing maintaining. If there is only one mode allowed other modes cannot be excited by imperfections. Modes travel at different speeds so if the signal gets shared among modes the pulse shape can get destroyed. TM modes are not polarization maintaining, in fact they have no polarization, I think.
Dr. Sankari Manda
Sir Thank you for clearing my doubts.Regarding Q4) Yes, I am aware of TE/TM mode that propagates in rectangular waveguides. But somewhere I read any polarization fed in to an optical fiber (LP modes) may eject random polarization at the output (Cannot maintain polarization due to circular shape). So, I wanted to know whether rectangular WGs are polarization maintaining or not.
I guess they are polarization maintaining (due to rectangular shape), but some clarity on this would be very helpful.
Thank you.
The first mode of a rectangular waveguide only has one polarization, so the polarization in preserved. In a square waveguide, both polarizations are possible, and have the same wavelength, and any imperfection can result in some conversion between the two polarizations.
Malcolm White It means that Polarization maintaining behavior is only found in single mode rectangular wave guide. Could you also comment on single mode optical fiber?
Thank you so much for clearing my doubt.
https://www.thorlabs.com/newgrouppage9.cfm?objectgroup_id=1596#:~:text=Thorlabs%20offers%20both%20PANDA%20and,%2C%20allowing%20polarization%2Dmaintaining%20operation.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polarization-maintaining_optical_fiber
I did a search for "how does single mode optical fibre maintain polarization"
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