What the forms of the masks for fabrication solar cells for 5*5 cm2 specimen dimensions?

To preparation solar cell in laboratory we need the electrodes of aluminium material to conduct for p-type and n-type. We must put masks on n-type in certain forms to obtain a high conversion...

01 February 2020 2,880 3 View

What the principals to improve the efficiency of silicon solar cells?

We know that the efficiency of silicon solar cell always is low compare with the improvement of the other types of solar cells.What are the conditions and treatments of prepared solar cell in...

08 September 2017 9,811 7 View

How we can convert SiC powder or grains to solid disc with 1cm diameter 1mm thickness?

03 April 2017 8,191 13 View

Do differences exist between the thin film and powder materials XRD? What are the best methods for examination materials?

XRD is a method to know the crystalline structure. The materials which be used in substrate deposition it is important to know some parameters about material such that lattice constant...

10 November 2015 6,185 11 View

Why can't make aluminum nitride film successfully by use sputter?

We use reactive sputtering process to make aluminum nitride film, and want to make c-axis aluminum nitride film on a silicon substrate, but the crystal orientation cannot be seen with...

03 March 2021 7,975 3 View

How two melting peaks in DSC of polypropylene can be merged into one crystallization peak?

The figure shows DSC cooling (blue) and 2nd heating (green) curves (step: 10 K/min) for a commercial sample supplied as Atactic Polypropylene (APP). The heating curve illustrates two major...

03 March 2021 5,857 3 View

What are the countries most affected by extreme rainfall as a result of climate change?

Increased heat, drought and insect outbreaks, all associated to climate change, have increased wildfires. Decreasing water supplies, declined agricultural yields, health impacts in cities owing to...

01 March 2021 7,168 9 View

Issues with Permeabilization during Flow Cytometry?

Hello Everyone. Currently I am working to characterize macrophages in the myocardium after ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats. Due to the low total cell number isolated from rat hearts I can...

01 March 2021 3,867 3 View

How to check the uv-vis absorption of nanoparticle by surface plasmon resonance?

I try to check the uv-vis absorption of Indium nanoparticle. Now I am measuring in solution, can I measure it in the form of a film?

01 March 2021 930 3 View

What is recommended for solid domain in ANSYS FLUENT?

Should I mesh the solid domain ? or should I use wall thickness? or Shell conduction? for Heat Transfer between two fluids of a Heat Exchanger. what is recommended?

01 March 2021 9,785 3 View

What do I do with DLS peaks that are from the buffer?

I'm looking at the aggregation of my protein sample using DLS. Unfortunately, my buffer (20mM HEPES) also results in a set of peaks. These are at approximately 1 and 1000 d.nm. The lowest peak...

01 March 2021 9,015 2 View

Heat exchanger with liquid Nitrogen as coolant?

I want to cool Natural Gas from 195 Kelvin to 138 Klevin in a heat exchanger by using liquid nitrogen as the coolant medium. When entering the heat exchanger, the liquid nitrogen will have a...

01 March 2021 6,450 5 View

How can i resolve the "final solutuin is not converged" error in Comsol for my heat transfer simulation??

I have been trying to simulate heat transfer problem in Comsol 5.5 for long time but it always throw an error stating: "Failed to find a solution. Maximum number of Newton iterations...

28 February 2021 8,626 3 View

1 nm thick MgO thin-film to be deposited on Si wafer using thermal evaporation. What will be the optimum deposition conditions?

Favourable conditions of base pressure, rate of deposition. Also, by which characterisation technique to be used to verify the thickness of the deposited film.

28 February 2021 3,640 3 View