India is the second largest urban system in the world after China: indeed, the seventy world’s largest urban centers are in India.
Between 2001 and 2011, India had 7933 cities and towns of different population sizes. Unfortunately, by that time, India had reached only 31,16% of its urbanization.
In 2005, JnNURM a ministerial mission, was launched to provide a ‘toolkit’ and a written Reform Agenda with ‘desired goals’. The social and political changing pattern generated by the shift from traditional Congress Party to Bharatiya Janata Party has been a turning point for urbanization in India in the 2010s.
Since 2014, when Narendra Modi, India’s Prime Minister, won the election, the country has faced structural changes at economic and political levels.
´Why does the urban policy fail at central/national level?
´How can the central government of India answer to the international pressure of a National Urban Agenda, when the federal organization of the country settled its urban policies at state level, as per 74h CAA statement?
´If the Urban Agenda is disconnected from national level, what does it reflects in relation to Indian cities?
´The compulsive use of five years plan and the ‘scheme system’ is appropriate and efficient in the creation and implementation of urban policies?
´Who are the key actors in urban planning in India?
´If the decision-making and financing distribution as at State level, to what extent can be involved the civil society, NGOs and/or ULBs in this process?
Hi Daphne
It's just me again! You've asked a very neat and straight forward question. Well done! That's not always easy, and lots of people can't do it.
You then give far too much explanation! It reads like an essay. Most people just don't have the time. They'll switch off and move on. Try to keep the questions as crisp as this one. But work on less explanation. Leave people the space to answer as they wish.
Have you contacted the Indian Embassy in Rome yet? They should have someone willing to sit down and chat about your interests.
Best wishes
Chris
An interesting question with many angles to explore, and a central aspect: how to identify key actors in urban planning. From the inputs provided there are several things to consider:
- main actors with relevant influence (and level) in the rural - urban national trend
- level of influence of actors involved in the agenda and goals launched by JnNURM
- main actors and reasons for not implementing those goals
- main actors involved in the shift from traditional Congress Party to Bharatiya Janata Party, and their level of influence in key changes in urbanization
- level of influence of the new prime minister, from 2014
- relevant actors involved in the structural economic and political changes
- main actors/level of influence in urban planning since 2014
- main actors/level of influence at central/national level for urban planning
- role and level of influence of main actors from civil society, NGO's, UBLs
Identifying the most influential actors in each of these aspects and times, combined with some other relevant factors, one probably could get close to answer the question.
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