As Suvo mentioned, open cv with python is a great choice among the alternatives you mentioned. It has extensive examples all over the internet. You will find almost every code sample you need. You dont need to re invent the wheel for your task. But it is bit slower. You could use numpy to improve the performance. It will be best if you can Use openCV with c/c++. It will be faster than any other program.
MATLAB is simple to use. It has image processing toolbox with lot of builtin functions, but it is costly. Recommended for research.
Python is easy to learn and it has big support community and extensive set of libraries.Recommended for research. .
C/C++ is industry standard and produce fastest running code. It has also well established libraries. Probably, it is a bit difficult compared to MATLAB and python. Recommended for industrial strength solutions.