Which microorganisms are involved in soil fertility and role of microorganisms in recycling of carbon and nitrogen through air and soil?
Nostoc, Anabaena, Azotobacter, cyanobacteria of the genera Rhizobium, Bradyrhizobium, Azorhizobium, Allorhizobium, Sinorhizobium and Mesorhizobium etc.Bacteria help fix the atmospheric nitrogen. Free-living and symbiotic nitrogen-fixing bacteria fix atmospheric inert nitrogen into biologically useful ammonia thereby adding nitrogen to the soil and increasing its fertility.Nitrogen-fixing microorganisms capture atmospheric nitrogen by converting it to ammonia. Microorganism decompose the lead leaves from the old tress. They break up the leaves and release the nutrient and carbon into the environment. As the bacteria and fungi decompose. dead matter, they also respire. and so release carbon dioxide to the environment, Microorganisms can convert toxic elements into water, carbon dioxide, and other less toxic compounds.
https://www.researchgate.net/post/What_are_the_roles_of_microorganisms_and_role_of_microorganisms_in_recycling_carbon_and_nitrogen
Soil microorganisms, by actively participating in the decomposition and transformation of organic matter through diverse metabolic pathways, play a pivotal role in carbon cycling within soil systems and contribute to the stabilization of organic carbon, thereby influencing soil carbon storage and turnover. But microbes don't just eat nature's waste, they recycle it. The process of decomposition releases chemicals that can be used to build new plants and animals. Microorganism decomposes the lead leaves from the old tress. They break up the leaves and release the nutrient and carbon into the environment. the new leaves photosynthesis and use the Carbon that was broken down in respiration to make glucose which is used to make new cells. Other microbes are decomposers, with the ability to recycle nutrients from other organisms' waste products. These microbes play a vital role in biogeochemical cycles. The nitrogen cycle, the phosphorus cycle, the sulphur cycle and the carbon cycle all depend on microorganisms in one way or another.Microorganisms can convert toxic elements into water, carbon dioxide, and other less toxic compounds, which are further degraded by other microbes in a process referred to as mineralization. Micro organisms play a significant role in biodegradation of organic material in waste recycling. Bacteria constitute the foundation of all of Earth's ecosystems, being responsible for the degradation and recycling of essential elements such as car- bon, nitrogen and phosphorus. However, micro-organisms such as bacteria, fungi, and actinomycetes–even though they go unnoticed in your compost pile–are responsible for most of the organic material breakdown. They are chemical decomposers because they use chemicals in their bodies to break down organic matter. Bacteria help fix the atmospheric nitrogen with the help of nitrogenase enzyme and increase the nitrogen content in the soil. It is referred to as Nitrogen-fixing Bacteria. As Nostoc, Anabaena, Azotobacter, etc. These are associated with the rhizosphere, which is an important soil ecological environment for plant–microbe interactions. Symbiotic nitrogen-fixing bacteria include the cyanobacteria of the genera Rhizobium, Bradyrhizobium, Azorhizobium, Allorhizobium, Sinorhizobium and Mesorhizobium. Free-living and symbiotic nitrogen-fixing bacteria fix atmospheric inert nitrogen into biologically useful ammonia thereby adding nitrogen to the soil and increasing its fertility. Algae increase the organic carbon content of the soil upon their death.
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