Python is available on many Operating Systems - Linux, Unix, Windows, etc

C# started as a proprietary language and part of .NET for Windows. There is a port to other platforms called Mono (http://www.mono-project.com/What_is_Mono)

Ask yourself how/if you want to limit your programming abilities, and you should then be able to choose.

If you are learning first time programming and your purpose is to analyze data for work then learn Python. But if you want to learn programming for knowledge and your satisfaction, try Perl. But knowing C will make you comfortable to anything. That is root and once you know C you can later on learn other languages very easily. So just learn C and python. C## is object oriented language which is similar to Java and Python. so there is no big difference if for OOP which is difficult in Perl.

Python. It is much more flexible, easier to learn, multiplatform and, last but not least, it is usable both ias a procedural and object-oriented language.

C# limits you too much if you want to write scientific applications.

Answering a question like this without knowing what languages you already know is a bit foolish. The other question is why is it a choice between these two? As a general principle, I opine that a good software engineer should have learned at least one procedural language such as Modula II or if one must C, one functional language such as scheme or ML, one object-oriented language such as Java, and one logical language such as prolog or a forward chaining expert system shell. One should write a good size program in each. The point is to learn the these inherently different paradigms and how they work. In the end, knowing a language is the smallest part of being a good software engineer.

Thank u Sir for your co operation and interests.

Dear Md Monjurul Hasan, Go for C. The reason is simple that we must have the skill of C or java or both. We learn programming for system level design approach. C is a complete in the sense that it has good system interface options. You are young and my suggestion is learn both C and Python but start learning C first.

Thank u all Sir for your kind and valuable advice

If you want to convert MATLAB scripts into another language, I would most definitely recommend Python. Its various libraries can bring your new code to an almost 100% MATLAB functionality. I use Python for data reduction (with scipy and numpy) and visualisation (with matplotlib). It will save you a lot of time and headaches you are bound to get if you stick with C! Not to mention Python is 100% open-source and I have always found solutions online for any problem I encountered (on StackOverflow and similar sites).

Also, in the Python corner you can find Sage (http://www.sagemath.org/), free mathematics software based on Python. I hear it is widely used on universities.

I would recommend Python 2.7 with numpy, scipy and matplotlib libraries

For research, maths, algorithms and for automating academic research in general Python is a good option. If you intend to develop production software used in companies for business and at some point develop information systems of a greater scale, C-like languages are a better choice, among which C# is an option if you intend to work on a Microsoft platform. If you wish to be more flexible, you can go with Java or PHP (for cloud and web IS software).

If you have been already using C++, then C# is a reasonable step forward. It is very similar and more user friendly.

I started using Python because it allowed me to run the same script on two different operating systems (Windows 95, Unix) without modification. As I learned more about the language I discovered (a) I could write Python programs with far less overhead than required by C, (b) the clean and logical object-oriented structure made it very expressive, allowing me (after some practice and trial-and-error) to do complicated things without (c) for most of my programming tasks it really didn't matter that Python could be two orders of magnitude slower than C.

Later on I discovered that in many cases even this slowdown penalty could largely be avoided by using Numpy, and also Cython.

Finally, as people say, Python is a small enough language to stay in your head. I don't forget how to use it.

So my vote is for Python.

I recommend you to use C#

The answer, of course, depends on the goal you want to achieve.

My opinion is that C# is excellent for writing GUI applications for the Windows platform. On the other hand, Python is excellent for computational tasks (under any platform). C# lacks good and tested free and Open Source libraries for most computational tasks. Python code is quick to write and requires no compilation. Python does have GTK and Qt bindings and Matplotlib plots can be embedded into Python GUI applications.

In my opinion, if you want applications with robust GUIs for the Windows platform and don't need much computation or high quality scientific plotting, C# is a good choice. But, if you need to perform scientific computation and want to produce high-quality scientific plots, Python is a good choice. They're both easy to learn for anyone with prior knowledge on some programming language. However, all GUI programming requires learning the event-driven programming paradigm, which may be confusing at first.

There's an Open Source IDE for quickly getting into C# programming:

http://www.icsharpcode.net/opensource/sd/

A good choice for Python development is Python(x,y), which includes Qt for GUI development:

http://code.google.com/p/pythonxy/

I think Python is good, especially researchers, compared to C#..

Python, because it's open and have lotsa lots of packages for everything, plus you can almost run your code anywhere!, C#(Microsoft Java) on the other hand is a great language too but you need a runtime system + other usable stuff like libraries to use it, and to my knowledge Mono is far from complete compared to .Net.

but if you want to work mostly on Windows systems and if you have to learn C# then you better start C#!.

i think all the answer are quite right, but i think learning both are most effective. why? Is right the fact python provide and have many libraries for scientific computing and soon... but C# and python are very different languages (in syntax and compiler implementations) the share a very set of feature but they are a bigger set of difference. if you learn python you learning about functional programming, dynamic types, interpreter languages and more in C# you can learn about static type, events oriented programming and the syntax of c-like languages (can help you for learning other languages); is also important the principal IDLE for this languages (more important in the learning process) is a fact that Visual Studio IDLE is for far a powerful and this supports both languages (adding a plugin in python case). In summary i think is important have both set of skill and i leave the half-open question: Is C# only for developed application for commercial propose or we can use also for scientific computing? I think we can use C# for scientific computing too.

Please read the article on this hyperlink: https://www.slant.co/versus/110/115/~python_vs_c

The article compare Python vs C# in deep. The decision is yours.

best regards

Based on your programming background I would suggest Python, especially if you plan to do some scientific/data analysis.

As you already use a high performance language, you can use Python to wrap around C++ binaries, making the best of both worlds (flexibility vs efficiency).