What role has technological advancement played in transforming agricultural practices in Punjab since 2011, and what has been its impact on productivity and sustainability?
Punjab (land of five rivers) is one of the most fertile regions on earth. The state of Punjab which has earned the name of "Food Basket of the Country" and "Granary of India" has been contributing 40 per cent of rice and 50 to 70 per cent of wheat for the last two decades. The Leading cash crop cultivated by the agriculture sector in Punjab is Cotton. The AI tools and machine learning in agriculture to decrease input application and increase productivity in Punjab .AI based farming Punjab students develop device to increase agri produce. Farmers are already using drones to monitor their crops, and advanced sensors can tell them exactly when they need to water or fertilize their fields. These devices can also be used to monitor soil quality and ensure that crops aren't affected by drought or other environmental factors. Autonomous tractors, robotic harvesters, precision irrigation systems, drones for scanning and spraying, and smart sensors for crop and soil monitoring are some examples of automation technologies in agriculture in Punjab. Punjab contributes considerably to the procurement of rice and wheat and this has played an important role in its agricultural progress. The Punjab state has played a prominent role by achieving self-sufficiency in food grains by contributing 60% wheat and 40% rice to the central pool since 2011. The productivity of wheat has increased from 1236 kg/hact to 4209 kg/hact. Since the advent of green revolution, the state has made rapid strides in agricultural production. Being the largest contributor of main cereals to the country, Punjab has earned the title of 'Granary of India' or 'India's Bread Basket'. Punjab produces roughly 12% of the total cereals produced in India. The per capita income of Punjab stands at Rs. 1,73,873 in 2022-23 (Advance Estimates) which is higher than Rs. 1,70,620 at National level. Wheat during winter and rice and maize during summer occupy more than 68% of the total crop area.
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/314697076_The_Role_of_Technological_and_Institutional_Changes_in_the_Growth_and_Transformation_of_Agriculture_in_Punjab