In our country (Ukraine), they say about the formation of general and professional competencies in the training of specialists. What is your opinion – what should these competencies be? What should a graduate of such specialties know and be able to do?
1.- Neurosensory cognitive interconnectivity. 2.- Logical-intuitive reasoning. 3.- Emotional intelligence. 4.- Graphic expression.
The common underlying feature of expertise seems to be the accumulation of "exemplars" through experience. For example, with dermatologists (skin specialists) it was found what differentiated experts from novices was that experts could draw upon a huge store of memories from prior experiences when diagnosing new patients. Novices on the other hand would refer to "textbook" rules, abstract concepts, lists of symptoms etc.
Therefore, experts can make fast(er) judgements by automatically matching current problems to prior examples. More expertise = more exemplars = greater store of memories to call upon. This is known as "specific similarity to prior instances" or exemplar-based categorisation/decision making. You might want to look into it.
This is one of the training strategies used in Cuba, with recent university graduates when they start working, they are assigned an experienced tutor who guides and evaluates them throughout their social service, making them participate in all cases .
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