Suddenly the whole science community and all discipline starts working in this area. It is well known fact that it offer so much promises in terms of application part.
What is the exact reason for high demand of this nanoscience?
Nanoscale materials can manifest properties that aren't present in the bulk material. It is also possible to use old, cheap materials in new ways rather than more expensive materials. A nice example is that many drugs don't make it to clinical trial because their stability or specificity is not very good. Already some old drugs are being re-evaluated because nano-encapsulation or preparation as a nanoparticle rather than as a solution significantly improves these properties.
why we are not doing experiments or material study which could be even at lower scale ...... see "just because we got analytical and characterization instrument which can work at nano-scale hence we are exploring its property or we really need this magical scale to do research" suppose if we can access instrument which can characterize and analyze at 10(-15) scale at low cost so can our research orient to femto scale or something else. ......I mean to say does technology is now limiting factor of our day to day science.......(not talking about advance science at quantum level (mostly theoritical)
Nano scale (say L ) is 10-103 times the atomic scale. If the atomic scale is 1 angstrom then L is between 1-100 nano meters. In this regime due to the presence of large number of atoms and molecules, solving the system quantum mechanically using the Schrodinger equation is a difficult problem. Therefore various semi classical methods are used to solve a given problem in this regime. In any case in this length scale quantum effects are very prominent and must be taken into account, either semi classically or pure quantum mechanically by using numerical methods.
Electrical conductivity, magnetic permeability, melting point, fluorescence etc. (which are bulk properties) becomes dependent on the scale L in the nano-regime. In general you do not expect bulk properties to be scale dependent. For example the electrical conductivity of a ton of iron is the same as that of one gram of iron. By changing L it is possible to tune properties of materials, which were previously thought of as constants.
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