I'd appreciate if you could introduce published materials (preferably free) as sources of literature on the relationship between graphical/visual thinking and algorithmic thinking.
From the perspective of the psychological personality type assessment instrument, Myers-Briggs Type Inventory (MBTI), my guess would be that different personality types will process 'visual thinking' differently.
From my experience of twenty years in a government agency (mental health and disabilities), where I was the strategic planner and policy analyst, we used the MBTI once for all our staff. This was eye opening. Each main temperament type (sensate thinking, sensate feeler, intuitive feeler, intuitive thinker) approached the same problem from quite different perspectives and looked for different outcomes. The MBTI people knowing this created what they called Z-teams (as I recall from decades ago) so that to find an innovative response to a particular challenge one put together a team that represented each temperament. I my experience this is essential. Sensate thinkers (engineering, accounting types) are frequently completely unable to see the impact of their policies, public statements and actions on people. Intuitive feelers evaluate the probable impact immediately, though they are not so adept at pragmatic consequential reasoning. Intuitive thinkers are the people who focus on human resources, skill-building and quickly assess what new training is needed for new objectives.
Not sure what an algorithm for this might be. Its possible on careful analysis that one might discover that something more sophisticated than an algorithm might be required for organizational development and problem-solving challenges.