Salt content of soils and irrigation water is measured by electrical conductivity(EC). Dissolved salts in water conduct electricity, and therefore, the salt content in water is directly related to EC. In the case of soils, EC more than 4dS/m is considered saline, and irrigation water containing salts with electrical conductivity less than 1.5 dS/m is low saline water, which is suitable for most soils and crops.
Electrical conductivity is a measure of soil salinity so the more salinity the soil is transformed from the productive soil to the less productive soil, then the relationship is inverse. Thus salinity affects the nutrient readiness in the soil and prevents its absorption by the plant.
Please note that EC is related to total dissolved salts (TDS) in water. TDS can be estimated by its relation to electrical conductivity (ECiw in dS/m) given as:
When ECw < 5 dS/m,
TDS (mg/L) = 640 x ECw (dS/m),
TDS(%) = 0.64X x ECw (dS/m)
1dS./m= 640ppm = 640mg/L= 0.64g/L= 0.064%
When ECw is greater than 5 dS/m, the following relationship may be used
The electrical conductivity (one measure of salt content) has almost zero effect on plant growth until it gets too high - then it has negative effects due to too much salt, which varies considerably by species