What is the most accurate artificial urine recipe used in vitro for microbiological purposes?

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Dunya Muayed Ahmed

https://academic.oup.com/jambio/article/135/4/lxae067/7629153

Ayodeji Adams Dahunsi

Artificial Urine Recipe for Microbiological Purposes

The most commonly used artificial urine recipe for in vitro microbiological purposes is the "Artificial Urine Medium" (AUM) developed by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). This recipe simulates the chemical and physical properties of human urine, making it suitable for microbiological testing and research applications.

NIST Artificial Urine Medium (AUM) Recipe:

Dissolve the following in 1 liter of deionized water:

2.03 g of urea
1.13 g of sodium chloride (NaCl)
0.75 g of potassium chloride (KCl)
0.25 g of calcium chloride (CaCl2)
0.16 g of magnesium chloride (MgCl2)
0.10 g of sodium sulfate (Na2SO4)
0.05 g of potassium phosphate (KH2PO4)

Adjust the pH to 6.0 ± 0.2 using hydrochloric acid (HCl) or sodium hydroxide (NaOH).

Filter the solution through a 0.22 μm membrane filter to sterilize.

Note: This recipe is intended for microbiological testing and research purposes only. It is not suitable for human consumption or medical applications.

The NIST AUM recipe provides a reliable and accurate artificial urine medium for in vitro microbiological studies, mimicking the chemical composition and physical properties of human urine.