What type sensor should i used, and how gasoline flow is converted into electrical signal. Moreover, how the electrical signal is processed in order to display the price in the digital meter.
A lot of questions :)
Everything starts with measuring the volume flow.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flow_measurement shows quite a number of possible sensors. I'm not sure what currently is used for gasoline metering, but some kind of turbine will certainly do.
This turbine either carries one or more magnets that actuate a reed contact, or it is part of a photo sensor - repeatedly interrupting the light beam.
Each actuation of the sensor (whether reed or photo sensor) equals a certain volume of fluid.
Then you need a microcontroller that counts the interruptions and multiplies them with a price per volume unit. Display this (and the volume sum) and you see volume and price increase synchronously.
Turbines are not a good way of measuring the fuel flow at a gasoline pump, as they tend to over-run if the flow stops suddenly - a positive displacement meter should always be used, as in a domestic water meter...
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