I am seeing articles where the competition is with a second species as well as cases where the competition is solely between the resistant and susceptible types. I think that in one way the weed's fitness in the presence of a candidate crop is relevant. Originally I imagined planting the weed types in different ratios with no other species. Also what is the most efficient design and analysis? Here I am interested in logistics, plant arrays, and mixing strategies. Pitfalls and issues for any suggestions would be appreciated.
Dear Chris
i think these papers could be useful for solving your problem with herbicide resistance.
Clarence J Swanton, Roger Nkoa Ondoua, R.E. Blackshaw. 2015. Experimental methods for crop-weed competition studies. Weed Science 63(63):2-11.
Dear Chris,
I believe that an important point is to use sensitive and resistant biotypes derived from the same population in order to keep homogeneous the genetic background. I suggest you to have a look to the papers from Martin Vila-Aiub on this topic.
Article Vila-Aiub MM, Neve P, Powles SB. Fitness cost associated wit...
Kind regards,
Alberto
Dear Chris
There was a presentation that might help you at the recent EWRS conference at Ljubljana, by Henri Darmency ([email protected]).
The black box of genotype/phenotype variability and its effects on plant fitness
Henri Darmency, INRA, France
Best wishes
Nathalie
Dear Chris,
Methods such as Replacement Series Experiments and Target-neighborhood design are available. Recently we used target-neighborhood design (Keshtkar et al., 2017) because we can approach our aims with less number of treatments i.e. pots in greenhouse or plots in field. Importantly, from an agronomic perspective, it is better to use a crop as neighborhood plant, the crop represents the real condition as crop is prevalent plant in the field.
Notice, you may know five experimental factors are pivotal to determine and measure herbicide resistance fitness costs explicitly. These are:
1. Control of genetic background,
2. Understanding the biochemical/molecular basis of herbicide resistance,
3. Life history traits,
4. Competition for resources and
5. Environmental gradient, see them here in a review by Vila-Aiub et al. (2009).
To control genetic background of plants various experimental protocols such as Single Population, Pedigreed Lines, etc. were proposed by (Strauss et al., 2002; Vila-Aiub et al., 2011).
See these papers:
Keshtkar E, Mathiassen SK, Kudsk P (2017) No Vegetative and Fecundity Fitness Cost Associated with Acetyl-Coenzyme A Carboxylase Non-target-site Resistance in a Black-Grass (Alopecurus myosuroides Huds) Population. Frontiers in Plant Science 8
Strauss SY, Rudgers JA, Lau JA, Irwin RE (2002) Direct and ecological costs of resistance to herbivory. Trends in Ecology & Evolution 17:278-285
Vila-Aiub MM, Neve P, Powles SB (2009) Fitness costs associated with evolved herbicide resistance alleles in plants. New Phytologist 184:751-67
Vila-Aiub MM, Neve P, Roux F (2011) A unified approach to the estimation and interpretation of resistance costs in plants. Heredity 107:386-394
Regards
Eshagh
Swanton, Clarence J., Roger Nkoa, and Robert E. Blackshaw. “Experimental Methods for Crop–Weed Competition Studies.” Weed Science 63, no. SP1 (February 2015): 2–11.
Article Experimental methods for crop-weed competition studies.
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