Suspended sediments is defined by EPA as particulate organic and inorganic matter that suspend in or are carried by the water, and/or accumulate in a loose, unconsolidated form on the bottom of natural water bodies.

A mineral particle is a natural inorganic solid with a specific internal structure and a chemical composition that varies only within specific limits where the dimension is less than 4 microns.

Mineral particles if I understand well your question, can be assimilated to the Dissolved matter, that can be assessed only by spectrophotometry, while the suspended load can be assessed by simple filtration.