In proximate analysis the FC = 100- (MC+ASH+VM) is always lower than the carbon obtained from CHN Elemental analysis of biomass? All of them are carbon but C>FC why?
The fixed carbon is the solid carbonaceous residue or char from devolatilization of biomass during pyrolysis. However, carbon is the organic form in the plant components before thermal conversion as determined from ultimate analysis. Kindly refer to the reference for more insights;
1. Basu, P., 2013. Biomass gasification, pyrolysis and torrefaction: practical design and theory. Academic press.
2. Basu, P., 2010. Biomass gasification and pyrolysis: practical design and theory. Academic press.
Not all carbon are fixed carbon. During a thermochemical conversion process a portion may leave the system as CO,CO2 or volatile matter containing carbon i.e. acetone, phenol, furfural etc.