Dear researchers, as you know, the subject of severe plastic deformation (SPD) methods (ECAP, TT, HPT, ARB and so on) or ultrafine grained metals has been researched on for over 20 years. But I could not find concrete examples of industrial application or mass production using these methods. I would be grateful if you suggest me article or any source regarding the actual industrial applications of these methods or share your experience.
Thanks you all.
If we are talking about plastic deformation of the surface, its application is considered.
The application of this method in the machine-building industry is economically very profitable. Therefore, this method is preferred in the automotive industry.
Dear Shovgi Asadov
Thank you for your answer. I meant both of bulk and surface SPD, more bulk.
I think besides the economic parameters, the technological parameters are also effective. For example, many of these processes need to be cycled and they cannot be added to the production line easily. So if we see them in the production line, these processes needs to be modified.
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