I am using a device which uses 3D acoustic standing wave for cell acoustophoresis. The manufacturer claims 3D standing waves are better in terms of lesser energy dissipation and more force is applied on each cell for its removal from the medium, compared to a 2D standing wave. I wish to understand the mechanism.
I'm not an expert, but I would guess that making it 3D instead of 2D increases the amplitude by root two for the same stored energy. Because loss (disipation?) is probably proportional to stored energy and force is probably proportional to amplitude this would seem to be a win.
Having a 3D standing wave means having peaks and nulls in the third direction, which requires 2 waves (half the power each) which cancel amplitude in some places in that direction and add to 2 times 1/root two in others).
If it is pressure you want the same applies to the pressure, but in the places the amplitude cancels.
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