In my view wastewater treatment should be considered within the wider context of sustainable development. This means that a holistic approach must be followed, where the management of urban water services is linked to that of water resources and of nutrients. It also means that interventions should not be focused exclusively at ‘the end of the pipe’, which is extremely costly and ineffective. To that end we developed the so called 3-Step Strategic Approach, which includes 1) pollution prevention and minimisation (applying a cleaner production approach to municipal water cycle), 2) treatment for reuse, and 3) stimulation of the self-purification capacity of the receiving environment.

When looking at technologies for waste(water) treatment, it might be useful to look further at eco-technologies and natural systems, which are usually low cost, easier to operate, maintain, while generating additional benefits (e.g. methane generation, pathogen removal, recovery of N, P etc.).

see also:

Article The role of natural systems in urban water management in the...

Article The 3-Step Strategic Approach to Sustainable Wastewater Management

https://www.researchgate.net/post/What_do_you_think_is_the_most_urgent_research_topic_in_wastewater_treatment

https://www.quora.com/What-are-the-research-topics-regarding-water-and-wastewater-treatment-techniques

DE ACUERDO AL ESTUDIO DE CALIDAD, DE LOS COMPONENTES QUE TRAIGA, COMO METALES, DBO, DQO, ETC

May be very important issue is elimination of emerging pollutants in wastewater.

Best regards

Vit

Reuse of water and sludges, biogas production, direct osmosis, degradation of persistant organic pollutants, etc.

Degradation of recalcitrant compounds or enhanced BMP adopting advanced oxidation process followed by biological processes

Hi,

Finding process for wastewater treatment and reuse without contamination risk and without pollutant separation threaten.

With my best regards!

Dr. Adel OUESLATI

May be Nitrification-Denitrification of wastewater using MBR technology. Regards

Dear Saeed,

We have many new methods for wastewater treatment. But these depend on your application. Do you need to know about a method for wastewater treatment of companies or you need a method for producing drinking water in villages?

Regards

now a days

EC is a blooming topic in wastewater treatment.

Thanks!

I think most urgent research is different in developed country and developing country.

In my view wastewater treatment should be considered within the wider context of sustainable development. This means that a holistic approach must be followed, where the management of urban water services is linked to that of water resources and of nutrients. It also means that interventions should not be focused exclusively at ‘the end of the pipe’, which is extremely costly and ineffective. To that end we developed the so called 3-Step Strategic Approach, which includes 1) pollution prevention and minimisation (applying a cleaner production approach to municipal water cycle), 2) treatment for reuse, and 3) stimulation of the self-purification capacity of the receiving environment.

When looking at technologies for waste(water) treatment, it might be useful to look further at eco-technologies and natural systems, which are usually low cost, easier to operate, maintain, while generating additional benefits (e.g. methane generation, pathogen removal, recovery of N, P etc.).

see also:

Article The role of natural systems in urban water management in the...

Article The 3-Step Strategic Approach to Sustainable Wastewater Management

Hi,

In general, the treatment of pollution in waste is a very important and timely subject. The impact of this pollution on health is considerable. In the field of scientific research any material used to eradicate this pollution is welcome provided the results are obtained.

There is a lot of work in this area and it will continue because we discover other pollutants that were not known some time ago as emerging pollutants.

Hi!

Could be the treatment of PPCPs (Pharmaceutical and Personal care products) or POPs (persistent organic pollutants)....If you wanna work on sludge..it could be the sludge reduction

Hi!

Essential issue is to enhance the efficiency of current wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) and to make minor modifications to remove different pollutants like modifying current activated sludge WWTPs to remove nitrogen and phosphorus, (see the attached paper).

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/320617788_Enhancing_Nitrogen_Removal_from_Wastewater_Using_Two_Step_Cascade

Best regards

Mahmoud

The removal of Emerging contaminants in water is a very hot area to exploit.

I recommend MBR and microbial biofilm

Answer will certainly differ between developed and developing countries. For developing countries, efficient waste water management technique; this should includes wastewater management with minimal energy, technology etc. For developed countries, emerging contaminants in treated water.

Design of efficient and economical reactors for wastewater treatment can be a better option.

Reuse of water and sludges, biogas production, direct osmosis, degradation of persistant organic pollutants, etc.

While over-use of antibiotics may play an important role in the advancement of resistance, other causes of resistance to antibiotics are often overlooked. Who is working on the topic of antibiotic resistance in wastewater byproducts. A critical but less well understood mechanism that initiates the transfer of genetic information conferring resistance and virulence, thus amplification of pathogenesis, is found at the local sewer-treatment plant. As bacteria, other pathogens, and common background-organisms wind their way through municipal sewage treatment processes there is the intermixing of vast quantities of organisms that might otherwise never come together. In the process of sewage treatment, the selective pressures against these organisms is increased. In consequence, there is a greater effort by these organisms to up-regulate or acquire numerous other survival mechanisms to assure that they and their genetic material persist to pass on genetic information. Part of this defense strategy is to go dormant---shut down metabolic processes, and enter a viable but non-culturable (VBNC) state. In this VBNC state these organisms are essentially invisible to standard laboratory tests. Thus, byproducts so tested may understate reality and thus represent an unappreciated human health risk.

Developing decentralized systems, improving the energy efficiency of exisitng systems, capacity expansion through process intensification, promoting water reuse, preventing P & N from entering receiving waters through resource recovery,

As currently designed, most wastewater treatment plants (WWTP) generate and then discharge into the larger environment antibiotic resistant microbes and their antibiotic resistant genes (ARGs). Thus reservoirs of ARGs are established. Along with this are the contaminants of emerging concern CECs). From this discharged effluent, we make recycled water, which at the tertiary treated level, still contains ARGs and CECs.

As the scarcity of water escalates, we will see a greater demand for recycled water and its usage for irrigating crops, many of which are typically consumed raw. Because the various crops can and do internalize and also concentrate these various contaminants, consumers will be put at risk.

The typical lab tests now used such as single indicator, typically cannot see the array of potentially harmful microbes contained within recycled water. Thus, there is the chance for false negatives from such testing. As to magnified levels of CECs in crops, few if any analyses are conducted.

Thus, there are needs for more sophisticated WWTPs as well as more accurate lab tests.

Dr Edo McGowan

Wastewater treatment particularly in developing and underdeveloped countries needs to employ a low technology/technical know-how, low cost and eco-friendly approach in order to be able to scale up and manage in a sustainable way. This applies to end-of-pipe management.

Definitely, a lifecyle management from production to use would be most laudable but the implementation of such in activities that utilise low or no technology especially in developing countries could be herculean.

From our studies involving stakeholders, the ignorance of the potential risks and impacts of activities which release pollutants into the environment is a key aspect to tackle in the uptake of any new or innovative wastewater management approach in municipalities.

@Olusegun can you please elaborate that how can we do "the use of substance analysis flow"